Botulinum toxin acts by inhibiting neurotransmitter release. It binds to peripheral neuronal synapses, is internalized and moves by retrograde transport up the axon into the spinal cord where it can move between postsynaptic and presynaptic neurons. It inhibits neurotransmitter release by acting as a zinc endopeptidase that cleaves the '76-Gln-|-Phe-77' bond of synaptobrevin-2.
Molecular cloning of the Clostridium botulinum structural gene encoding the type B neurotoxin and determination of its entire nucleotide sequence.Whelan S.M., Elmore M.J., Bodsworth N.J., Brehm J.K., Atkinson T., Minton N.P.Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 58:2345-2354(1992)
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