Structural protein that makes short spikes at the surface of the virus. Contains receptor binding and receptor-destroying activities. Mediates de-O-acetylation of N-acetyl-9-O-acetylneuraminic acid, which is probably the receptor determinant recognized by the virus on the surface of erythrocytes and susceptible cells. This receptor-destroying activity is important for virus release as it probably helps preventing self-aggregation and ensures the efficient spread of the progeny virus from cell to cell. May serve as a secondary viral attachment protein for initiating infection, the spike protein being the major one. Ses to be a 'luxury' protein that is not absolutely necessary for virus infection in culture. However, its presence in the virus may alter its pathogenicity. May become a target for both the humoral and the cellular branches of the immune syst.
Structure and orientation of expressed bovine coronavirus hemagglutinin-esterase protein.Kienzle T.E., Abraham S., Hogue B.G., Brian D.A.J. Virol. 64:1834-1838(1990)
Research Topic:Others
