Novel Neurotrophin-1 (NNT-1) or B-Cell Stimulating Factor-3 (BSF-3), is a new member of the IL-6 family of structurally related cytokines that includes IL-6, CNTF, LIF, CT-1, IL-11 and OSM. All family members share the receptor subunit gp130 that belong to the type I cytokine receptor superfamily. Ligand binding leads to gp130 homodimerization or heterodimerization (with LIF receptor or OSM receptor beta), and induces cell signaling and functional activity. For several family members, including CNTF, IL-6, and IL-11, binding of the ligand to a specific receptor alpha subunit (CNTF R alpha, IL-6 R alpha, or IL-11 R alpha) is required prior to gp130 homo- or hetero-dimerization.