CXCL1 is belonging to the CXC chemokine family. It is encoded by the GRO gene now designated CXCL1. The gene for CXCL1 was initially discovered in hamster cells. In addition to the GRO gene, two GRO genes, GROβ and GROγ share 90 % and 86 % amino acid sequence identity with CXCL1/GROα. All three human GROs are members of the intercrine alpha (chemokine C-X-C) subfamily of chemokine. CXCL1 is secreted by human melanoma cells, and also expressed by macrophages, neutrophils and epithelial cells. The functional receptor for CXCL1 has been identified as CXCR2. CXCL1 has chemotactic activity for neutrophils, and plays a role in inflammation and wound healing.