Interleukin-3 (IL-3) is an interleukin, a type of biological signal (cytokine) which is encoded by the IL-3 gene located on chromosome 5 and produced primarily by activated T cells beside human thymic epithelial cells, activated murine mast cells, murine keratinocytes and neurons astrocytes. The protein acts in hematopoiesis by controlling the production, differentiation, and function of 2 related white cell populations of the blood, the granulocytes and the monocytes-macrophages. The human IL-3 reported to be a monomer, as it is known, contains 133 amino acids residues which is a single non-glycosylated polypeptide. Specifically, human and murine IL-3 share low homology and it does not show activity on murine cells.
1. Yang YC, Ciarletta AB, Temple PA, et al. 1986. Cell. 47:3-10.
2. Otsuka T, Miyajima A, Brown N, et al. 1988. J Immunol. 140:2288-95.
3. Dorssers L, Burger H, Bot F, et al. 1987. Gene. 55:115-24.
4. Feng Y, Klein BK, McWherter CA. 1996. J Mol Biol. 259:524-41.