Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor is a sub-family of growth factors produced by cells, which stimulates vasculogenesis and angiogenesis. VEGF's normal function is to create new blood vessels during embryonic development, new blood vessels after injury, muscle following exercise, and new vessels (collateral circulation) to bypass blocked vessels. Humans express alternately spliced isoforms of 121, 145, 165, 183, 189, and 206 amino acids (a.a.) in length. VEGF production can be induced in cells that are not receiving enough oxygen. VEGF165 appears to be the most abundant and potent isoform, followed by VEGF121 and VEGF189. Recombinant human VEGF165 contains 165 amino acids residues and it is a disulfide-linked homodimer. In addition, it shares 88 % a.a. with corresponding regions of mouse and rat, 96 % with porcine, 95 % with canine, and 93 % with feline, equine and bovine VEGF, respectively
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